Explain the concept of "negative transfer of learning".

The concept of "negative transfer of learning" refers to a scenario where previously acquired knowledge or skills hinder or negatively impact the ability to learn new skills or knowledge. This phenomenon can occur when the old information or techniques conflict with the new ones being introduced, leading to confusion or errors in applying the new skills.

For example, a pilot trained to fly a specific aircraft model might find it challenging to adapt to a different model if the controls and handling characteristics differ substantially, as the habits formed during the initial training could lead to incorrect assumptions or actions in the new context. This scenario exemplifies how previous learning can interfere with and complicate the acquisition of new learning, resulting in less efficient or poor performance. Understanding this concept is crucial for instructors to ensure effective teaching strategies that minimize negative transfer and promote positive learning experiences.