Which factors are included in weight and balance calculations?

The factors involved in weight and balance calculations are essential for ensuring the safe operation of an aircraft. Total weight refers to the complete weight of the aircraft, including its empty weight, added payload, and fuel. The center of gravity location is critical because it affects the aircraft's stability and control; if the center of gravity is too far forward or aft, it can lead to difficulty in controlling the aircraft. Load distribution must also be considered since improper distribution can lead to imbalances that affect the aircraft's performance during flight. Lastly, understanding the effects on aircraft performance entails knowing how weight and balance influence takeoff distances, climb performance, and landing requirements. Overall, these factors play a fundamental role in the safe and efficient operation of any flight, making them imperative for pilots to understand thoroughly when preparing for a flight.